Missouri corporations may not make direct contributions to their own PACs, the Court of Appeals for the Western District affirmed on April 9.

The appeals court ruling upheld a similar 2018 finding in the Missouri Chamber of Commerce and Industry’s lawsuit against the Missouri Ethics Commission.

There, the chamber challenged two of the commission’s ethics opinions that prohibited corporations from contributing directly to the PACs they form.

The Cole County Circuit Court issued a judgment in favor of the commission, determining corporations that serve as connected organizations cannot contribute corporate funds to their connected PACs.

The Missouri Ethics Commission announced a new electronic filing system for 2019 lobbyist renewals with mobile-friendly features including entering expenditures instantaneously and saving in-progress entries.

The 2019 renewal system will allow for electronic filing of principal reports, recording of multiple recipients for a single expenditure to be pro-rated, and submitting and paying for registration online.

To access the new Lobbyist Electronic Filing System, click the “Renew Registration” link in the current filing system. For detailed instructions, visit the Ethics Commissions’ Instruction Guide.

On November 28, a panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit panel affirmed a district court ruling that Missouri statutes regarding lobbyist registration and reporting were constitutional.

In Calzone v. Summers, The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit upheld the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri’s finding that the First Amendment does not shield unpaid individuals designated to act as a lobbyist from registration and reporting requirements under sections 105.470 and 105.473 of the Missouri Revised Statutes.

Missouri Gov. Mike Parson signed an executive order superseding an ethics policy implemented by his predecessor, former Gov. Eric Greitens.

Greitens’ first act as governor in 2017 was to issue Executive Order 17-02, banning executive branch employees from accepting lobbyist gifts and prohibiting governor’s office personnel from lobbying the executive branch if they leave their jobs.

Parson’s Executive Order 18-10 now bans employees of the Office of the Governor from acting as an executive lobbyist until the end of the administration in which he or she served.

The order also alters what gifts executive branch employees are banned from accepting from lobbyists, opening the door for “educational” materials such as books and souvenirs valued at less than $10.

The executive order became effective as of November 20, 2018, when it was signed.

Nearly 62 percent of Missourians voted in favor of Amendment 1, placing tighter restrictions on lobbying and campaign contributions.

Amendment 1 will prohibit former state legislators and Missouri General Assembly members from becoming paid lobbyists for a period of two years instead of six months, set a $5 limit on meals and other lobbyist gifts to legislators, and open legislators’ emails to public records requests.

Political candidates and their campaign committees also face more strict contribution limits: $2,500 for a state senator and $2,000 for a state representative.

The measure will become state law once the election results are certified later this year.

Missouri voters in the November 6 election will decide on Constitutional Amendment One, which seeks to change campaign contribution limits, gift laws, and the rules for political action committees.

If passed, Amendment One would impose new contribution limits for candidates to the Missouri House and Senate. Currently, individuals and committees can contribute no more than $2,600 per election to such candidates. Amendment One would establish a limit of $2,500 for state Senate and $2,000 for state House candidates and would prevent political action committees from circumventing those limits.

Under the proposed ballot initiative, legislators and legislative employees would be banned from accepting gifts of more than $5 from lobbyists. Amendment One would also prohibit elected members and employees of the General Assembly from working as lobbyists until two years after they leave the General Assembly. Additionally, the measure would bar political fundraising on state property.

Clean Missouri is leading the campaign in support of Amendment One. The Missourians First and Advance Missouri PACS have registered to oppose Amendment One.

A public interest law firm challenged an executive order banning lobbyists from giving anything of value, including written materials, to executive branch officials.

The Institute for Justice, a Virginia-based nonprofit libertarian law firm, filed suit against Gov. Mike Parson and members of the Missouri Ethics Commission for enforcing Executive Order 17-02, which expands the definition of gift to include publications addressing public policy issues.

The Institute for Justice claims that by prohibiting the distribution of two of its public policy publications to government officials, the executive order violates the law firm’s First Amendment right to free speech. The law firm also claims the executive order violates its right to equal protection by prohibiting only lobbyists from sharing publications with state officials of the executive branch.

The order was issued on January, 9, 2017, by former Gov. Eric Greitens.

The Missouri Supreme Court declined to take on the Clean Missouri ballot initiative case, which means it will appear as an amendment on the ballot this November.

The amendment focuses on ethics reform and state redistricting, and it was challenged because it possibly violated a provision of the Missouri Constitution that limits the scope of initiative petitions and sought to mislead voters.

A trial court agreed, but an appellate court in Kansas City upheld Clean Missouri because all the proposed changes are included under the subject Legislature reform.

The Missouri Legislature adjourned on September 14 after finalizing two bills that were vetoed by Gov. Mike Parson in July.

The first bill expands the definition of treatment courts as a substitute for imprisonment, and the second creates an online-based STEM program for public schools.

The Legislature will convene for the 2019 session on January 9.

A redistricting proposal and ethics reform ballot initiative titled Clean Missouri expected to be on November’s ballot is now at risk of being withdrawn.

Cole County Circuit Judge Daniel Green ordered Sec. of State Jay Ashcroft to rescind the certification of the proposal because it violates the Missouri Constitution because a proposal can only cover one subject and can only amend one article of the Constitution, and the current ballot initiative breaks both of these rules.

Clean Missouri included a redistricting proposal and also proposed lowering campaign donation limits, abolishing a majority of gifts to lobbyists, and setting a two-year revolving door provision for legislators and their staffers before becoming lobbyists.

Gov. Michael Parson has called a special session to begin on September 10, 2018.

The special session will focus on an education initiative and expanding treatment courts in Missouri.

The special session will run concurrently with the veto session, set to begin on September 12.

A lawsuit has been filed to remove a referendum from the Missouri ballot. On August 2, Sec. of State Jay Ashcroft certified an ethics initiative for the November general election ballot.

The proposal would limit legislative gifts from lobbyists, reduce campaign contribution limits for legislative candidates, create a two-year waiting period for public officials seeking to become lobbyists, and establish new procedures for redistricting.

The lawsuit claims the proposed referendum violates a provision of the Missouri Constitution limiting ballot measures to a single subject.

Combining multiple subjects in a single ballot measure can force voters to vote for a matter they do not support just to enact a proposal they do support.

An ethics proposal in Kansas City to limit gifts from lobbyists to $5, restrict taxpayer-funded City Council travel, and extend the revolving door provision was defeated on July 26.

The proposal failed 7-4, even after a bill substitute increased the gift restriction to $50.

The ordinance was introduced by Councilman Scott Taylor, who is also a Kansas City mayoral candidate.

Missouri Ethics Commission Director James Klahr is leaving his post to become deputy director of the Veterans Commission.

After four years as executive director, Klahr’s last day at the Ethics Commission is July 5.

State law allows the director to serve only one six-year term; his term was set to expire September 2019.