On November 28, a panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit panel affirmed a district court ruling that Missouri statutes regarding lobbyist registration and reporting were constitutional.

In Calzone v. Summers, The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit upheld the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri’s finding that the First Amendment does not shield unpaid individuals designated to act as a lobbyist from registration and reporting requirements under sections 105.470 and 105.473 of the Missouri Revised Statutes.